Science
Gut & Health
The digestive system is a very exciting and complex system of our body. Our intestines in particular fulfil far more functions than just nutrient absorption and processing.
An essential part of the digestive system is our gut, which can grow up to eight meters long. Yet it measures only a few centimeters in diameter. Millions of villi on the mucosal surface of the intestine are responsible for the efficient absorption and utilization of food and the production of the body's own messenger substances. These are leaf-shaped elevations inside the intestinal tube, which is tortuous in many ways and develops a surface area of 300 to 400 square meters.
What are synbiotics?
Probiotics
Synbiotics
Prebiotics
Probiotics
Probiotics are strains of bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria, that can have health benefits when taken in sufficient quantities.
Synbiotics
Synbiotics are a combination of pro- and prebiotics.
Prebiotics
Prebiotics are dietary fibers and polysaccharides that serve as food for probiotics.
Effect for the immune system
Synbiotics not only have a supporting effect for the immune system, but also have a preventive effect with potential reduction of susceptibility to disease. They have an added health value even if one is already ill and can also contribute to a significantly milder course of severe diseases.
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Gut-brain axis
The gut has its own nervous system, which is similarly complex to our brain. It is therefore referred to as the "gut brain".
The communication system by which the head and the gut communicate is called the gut-brain axis. Information is transferred in both directions via nerve pathways, hormones and metabolic products of the intestinal bacteria. For this reason, a healthy and intact gut is important - both for our nervous system and for our immune system.
Microbiome
The gut, with its three parts - the small, large and rectum - is responsible for our digestion. Most of the work is done by the microbiome:
The gut and gut wall are colonized by many trillions of tiny microorganisms. The gut microbiome consists of the totality of healthy microorganisms (primarily intestinal bacteria) as well as their genes or genetic makeup. Other microorganisms include certain yeast fungi, which are important for fermentation processes, viruses and so-called archaea (primordial bacteria). The microbiome, with all its minute organisms, accounts for up to two kilograms of an adult's body weight.
The bacteria that naturally colonize our intestinal mucosa perform a beneficial, supportive function for the tasks of the intestine. At the same time, each person's individual microbiome is as unique as his or her fingerprint. This is because, in addition to predisposition, lifestyle in particular has a significant influence on the makeup of the microbiome. Prolonged medical treatments, inflammation, unfavorable nutrition, environmental influences or chronic stress can reduce the number of desirable microorganisms in the gut and promote the growth of unfavorable microorganisms. This condition is called dysbiosis of the gut and is a risk factor for the development of disease.
Dysbiosis
Our immune system has to deal with numerous challenges every day. Among other things, stress, poor diet, environmental factors or infections can unbalance the human organism. In the gut microbiome, this leads to an increase in unfavorable bacterial strains that promote chronic diseases. With regular intake of high-quality nutritional supplements and accompanying lifestyle changes, this balance remains more resilient and consistent, even in the face of new challenges.
The most common triggers for a disturbed gut microbiome:
Alcohol consumption
Excessive sport
Antibiotics
Stress
Environmental toxins & food additives
Bacterial infections
Disrupted sleep
Menopause
Other exciting features around the gut
The "gut brain"
The gut also has its own nervous system. Because it is similarly complex to our brain, it is also referred to as the "gut brain". In addition to vitamins, essential hormones are also produced in the intestine. For example, 70% of the "happiness hormone" serotonin is primarily produced in the intestine, which also functions as a nerve messenger and is essential for our good mood and psychological well-being.
The gut-immune system
The gut is a complex organ: it grows up to 8 meters long, billions of villi ensure a significant increase in the mucosal surface. This is necessary for optimal nutrient absorption and processing. As a result, the intestine has the largest contact surface of our body with the environment and thus makes a significant contribution to the initial defense reactions of our body's immune system. Up to 80% of our specialized defense cells are located in our intestinal mucosa. Experts refer to this as GALT (gut associated lymphoid tissue) - the lymphoid tissue associated with the intestinal mucosa.
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